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Guazuma ulmifolia
West Indian Elm
Guazuma ulmifolia
Guazuma ulmifolia, commonly known as the West Indian Elm or bastard cedar, is a medium-sized tree native to tropical America. It is known for its fast growth, drought tolerance, and diverse uses. The tree has simple, alternate leaves and produces small, fragrant flowers followed by dry, capsular fruits. The wood is lightweight and used for various purposes like boxes and furniture. It has a history of medicinal use in some cultures.
CategoryDetails
Plant TypePerennial plant
Culinary UsageEdible plant
Medicinal UsageMedicinal Usage
Duration to maturity2 years to harvest
Estimated Plant Lifespan20 years lifespan
Sun Requirements6+ hours direct sunlight (Full Sun)
Pollination

Method: insect

Notes: Primarily pollinated by bees and other insects attracted to the fragrant flowers.

Watering Requirements

Method: Top watering

Frequency: Water regularly during the first year of growth, then reduce frequency as the tree establishes. Tolerates drought conditions once mature.

Notes: Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to root rot.

Humidity Requirements

Level: moderate

Care InstructionsPrune regularly to maintain shape and remove dead or damaged branches.
Temperature Range

Min: 15°C

Max: 35°C

Alternative NamesGuazuma guazuma tomentosa, Guazuma guazuma
Gliricidia sepium
Fence Post Tree
Gliricidia sepium
Gliricidia sepium can be used as a nitrogen-fixing companion plant to enrich the soil and benefit Guazuma ulmifolia's growth, especially in nitrogen-poor soils.
Leucaena leucocephala
White leadtree
Leucaena leucocephala
Similar to Gliricidia, Leadtree is a nitrogen fixer and can enhance soil fertility, promoting the growth of nearby Guazuma ulmifolia.
Senna alata
Candelabra Bush
Senna alata

Both species prefer similar growing conditions and can compete for resources like sunlight, water, and nutrients, particularly in drier environments.

Leaf-cutting ants

Leaf-cutting ants can defoliate Guazuma ulmifolia trees, potentially weakening them and affecting their growth. Infestations are characterized by noticeable trails of ants carrying leaf fragments.

Scale insects

Scale insects feed on the sap of Guazuma ulmifolia, leading to reduced vigor, yellowing of leaves, and stunted growth. Honeydew secretion by scale insects can attract sooty mold.

Steps:

    • Soak seeds in warm water for 24 hours to improve germination.
    • Sow seeds in a well-draining seed-starting mix.
    • Keep the soil moist and provide adequate sunlight.
    • Germination typically occurs within a few weeks.

Neem oil

For control of pests like scale insects and other sucking insects.

Compost

To improve soil fertility and structure, promoting healthy growth.